DICTIONARY
OF COLOR
Honestly, I was impressed
with the people that How much they known about Colors on Digital Printing .Most
of them has limited terminology but huge practism.
I read many articles and
glossy about Colors on many pages. And finally understand to combine most
important words and explanation which needs for Digital Printing . As you do
understand that we are not university student in the market but still have
serious confusion about terms.
In my Dictionary is just
Relating Digital Printing terminology with Solven,UV,Textile printing basic s.
Such as, Dpi and Ppi has
really mixed each other.
Therefore on this belog
,I will get all these basic informations
from some useful links such as
Flaar.org,SignLink,SignWeb and with my own portfolio.
Here are my Dictionary of
Color where it is brings you value:
·
Adobe Gamma, a function to calibrate monitors provided by
Adobe Systems.
·
Adobe RGB 1998,
sometimes written as Adobe RGB. Released in 1998, Adobe RGB 1998 requires the
use of a monitor profile and then in theory, images will display identically on
any monitor that is using the same profile
·
banding are horizontal lines on a printers where it
caused by mostly mechanical rhytem problems . Banding is an undesirable effect
of all sizes and shapes of inkjet printers, both piezo and thermal. Banding
easy visible on Solid colors There may be lines or absence of image within the
bands.
·
black is the
absence of any color because the object has absorbed all color and hence
reflects none back to the observer. In theory black results when you combine
all three primary subtrac- tive colors. But the actual inks or paints are not
pure enough and the end result would be a muddy dark brown. Hence in printing
you need pure black colorant to produce your black type and other desired
blacks. In the abbreviation CMYK, Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, black, the K is
thought to come from the old fashioned printer's term as the key color.
·
black
point compensation is the
adjustment of black points between different color spaces, which allows for
the darkest darks of an image to remain unchanged.
·
channel, specific color areas of an image. Examples of
channels are red, green, or blue for RGB and cyan, magenta, yellow, and black
for CMYK.
·
chroma is saturation, the quality of a color that is the
combination of hue and brightness. White, black, and gray have no chroma.
·
color (brightness, colorfulness and hue) color
requires an observer, an object, and a light source.
·
color
conversion, changing from
one color model to another. For example the RGB to CMYK conversion that is
performed by the RIP software when printing to an ink jet printer.
·
color
correction, the process of
altering an image so that it displays realistic color. Color correction can be
done in a variety of different methods, including color balancing and manipulation
of color curves. .
·
color
separations, individual
printout of colors used in an image. If an image is four colors, there will be
four separate prints, if the image is two color, there will be two separate
prints and so on
·
color
shift is an unwanted
change in color. Color shift can be caused by using an incorrect rendering
intent or using the wrong color model when sending a job to an output device.
·
complementary color, a color that is the exact opposite of another is called.
·
Delta
E is how to pronounce AE;
a standard for measuring difference in color. The smallest difference in color
a normal (healthy) person with healthy eyes can distinguish.
·
densitometer, a
device that measures the density of colors.
·
density is the ability of a surface to absorb a
source of light. Light colors have low density; dark colors have high density
because not much light is reflected off them.
·
dye sublimation, is a chemical process whereby heat is applied to an inked surface.
The heat turns the ink (so no more individual droplets). The result is
continuous tone. Dye sublimation works best on polyester.
·
flat
color, color that is solid
and contains to blends or gradations.
·
FOGRA, a non-profit research institute in Munich,
Germany dedicated to setting standards in offset printing
·
GCR, Gray
Component Replacement. This process replaces portions of the CMY ink with black
ink throughout the image including highly saturated areas, as opposed to UCR
(Under Cover Removal) which removes CMY primarily in shadow areas which are
supposed to be neutral anyway.
·
gray
balance, the process of
removing colorcast tint from a color. Gray balance is needed when C, M and Y
are not in proper proportions and all colors make a shift towards the colorcast
tone and may happen at several stages of production.
·
Hexachrome
inks, a trademark name for a special 8-color ink set. Hexachrome inks were
popular with offset printing but were not successful at all in the world of
inkjet.
·
High-Fidelity (Hi-Fi) Color, color that is reproduced using more then colors then four, usually
six or more.
·
ICC,
International Color Consortium. Their web site is www.color.org. Established in 1998 by eight leading
companies in the field of printing and computers, with the intent of creating
cross- platform color management system standards
·
ICC
profiles - generating,
individual device profiles are recommended and may be generated with the use of
specialized profile making software and color management equipment.
·
linearization;
the purpose of linearization is to adjust a device (in our instance, an output
device, namely a wide-format inkjet printer) to take advantage of its full
color gamut and
dynamic range. The first
printout of color patches will show the current state; correction will result
in a more even pattern stretched out to the maximum possible for that device.
·
optical density
is the measure of the blackness of a printed image. Optical density is also
referred to as Black absorbs 100% of the light; white absorbs 0% of the light
·
perceptual
rendering, one of the four
rendering intents. Perceptual rendering is recommended for photographic
reproduction. Choosing this rendering intent, converts all colors into a
realistic available color space, including out of gamut color, to the same
degree, which preserves relative color relationships. The other color rendering
intents are
Saturation, Absolute Colorimetric, and Relative
Colorimetric.
·
printer profile, ICC profile of the printer and it ability to reproduce color in
terms of inks and media used.
·
Relative
Colorimetric adjusts all
colors relative to the white point of the target gamut. Out of gamut colors are
moved to the nearest color which the target gamut can reproduce. The other
three rendering intents are Perpetual, Saturation, and
Absolute Colorimetric.
·
Relative
Colorimetric, one of the
four rendering intents. Choosing this rendering intent, adjusts all colors
relative to the white point of the target gamut. Out of gamut colors are moved
to the nearest color that the target gamut is capable of reproducing, which is
a color shift.
·
Perceptual
(for photographs)
·
Saturated
(for signage, to get saturated colors)
·
Relative
Colorimetric (for specific colors that you need to reproduce exactly such as a
logo color)
·
saturation The
measurement of the intensity of a color. When an image is set to 0% saturation
it loses all color information, it becomes grayscale. When an image is set to
100% saturation the colors become the greatest intensity possible; vividness is
highly saturated, dullness is less saturated. A lay person's description of
saturation might be how strong the color was. Covering a color with a glossy
surface, such as lamination, will increase the perceived saturation.
·
sRGB was an
attempt by Hewlett-Packard and Microsoft to make color choices easy for the
lowest common denominator,
·
TIFF is short for Tagged Image File Format for
digital images, abbreviated .tif. If you are doing professional digital
photography, you should save your working images in .tif format instead of jpg.
·
UCR, Under
Cover Removal, obviously removes something, in this case removes some of the
CMY and replaces them with K (black). This results in lower printing costs
since colored ink costs more than black ink (on traditional offset presses at
least).
·
OEM ,original equipment manufacturer,such as Hewlett Packard,Canon,Epson,Eurotechprinters,...etc.
As you may see above points in your
RIP software or Design Software such as Adobe Photoshop,Freehand,CorelDraw…etc.
Main Issue ,To get Right Color,Right
impact with your printer and ink.
Donot forget Even all your color
adjustment are correct , if your ink
color shade is weak as chimistry than you dont have chance to catch the
same colors.
Specially ,Check if you are able to
print Purple,Orange(like Bronze). Donot try to Flag Red,Coca-Cola Red or
Parliment Blue,Most of the case, All inks can easy reach closest Gamut points
of these.
Thanks for all the links that shared all useful info with me..